Q3: What role can the UN, as a world body play in fighting terrorism and how effective has it been so far in containing this scourge?

UN took new action after the events of September 11, 2001. The Security Council adopted three important resolutions, 1368, 1373 and 1377 after the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. These resolutions affirmed the right of self defence, found terrorism to be a threat to international peace and security, and stressed the accountability of the supporter as well as the perpetrator of terrorist acts. They obliged member states to limit the ability of terrorists and terrorist organizations to operate internationally by freezing assets of terrorist-affiliated persons and organizations and denying them safe haven, among other things. They also set forth a Ministerial Declaration on International Terrorism.

Security Council Resolution 1373 is a good example of such UN action. It requires all states to prevent and suppress the financing of terrorist acts, including freezing funds and other financial assets. The resolution also obliges all states to improve border security, clamp down on the recruitment of terrorists, intensify information sharing and law enforcement cooperation in the international campaign against terrorism, and deny terrorists and their supporters any assistance or safe haven.

The Security Council has established a Counter Terrorism Committee (CTC) to oversee implementation of Security Council Resolution 1373, and much more is involved than word and good intentions. Member states sent these reports to the CTC in December 2001 stating the steps they are taking to fight terrorism. These reports included progress in seven critical areas: legislation, financial asset controls, customs, immigration, extradition, law enforcement and arms traffic.

The General Assembly adopted two antiterrorism resolutions that condemned the “heinous acts of terrorism" in Washington, Pennsylvania, and New York. The General Assembly continued its work on the negotiation of international terrorism conventions. Secretary General Kofi Annan repeatedly condemned terrorism acts, as in a speech he delivered on 12 September: “All nations of the world must be united in their solidarity with the victims of terrorism, and in their determination to take action, both against the terrorists themselves and against all those who give them any kind of shelter, assistance or encouragement."

The various agencies of the UN also took new actions. Agencies like the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the International Maritime Organization (IMO) adopted resolutions committing members to take measures to limit terrorists' ability to act. The International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA), which is affiliated with the UN, adopted a UN Role in Fighting Terrorism 7/3/02 Page 6 resolution addressing measures to protect against acts of nuclear terrorism. It is developing a program to coordinate assistance to member states in an effort to improve security of nuclear facilities and of nuclear and radioactive materials.

Anthony H. Cordesman. (2002, June 18) The Role of the United Nations in Fighting Terrorism. Retrieved April 4, 2013, from

http://csis.org/files/media/csis/pubs/roleofun.pdf.

Q2) How effective is ASEAN as a regional organization in the management of terrorism?

ASEAN Convention on Counter-Terrorism (ACCT) signed in 2007 
- aimed at combating terrorismearly warning to the other Parties through the exchange of information and working together to  Prevent  those who finance,  plan,  facilitate, or commit  terrorist  acts from using their respective territories for those purposes against the other Parties and/or the citizens of the other Parties
Asean can also incorporate policies from international conventions
- the ASEAN dialog of leaders is aimed at merging international and regional ideas to help combat terrorism. the values ad ideas used in each discussion can be shared and incorporated into either regional or international methods of combating terrorism.

Q1) How can terrorism be managed within a country ?

Through:
1) tightening of law to discourage terrorism 
- obstruct the course of terrorism in the sense that it would hinder the recruiting process of terrorists by these organizations, and hence their numbers would diminish and with the lack of manpower, lesser attacks could be carried out 
2) announcing a firm policy of never negotiating with terrorists 
- the country would make it clear that all terrorists would have to serve their sentence 
- This firm stand would further deter terrorists within the nation to do more harm, and it would also deter terrorists from foreign countries to extend their reach of influence to the country 
3) encouraging social cohesion 
- The government could be more accepting of social norms and traditions of each religion and culture, and encourage the masses to do the same 
4) setting up of a special task force to deal with terrorists existing both within and outside the boundaries of the nation. 
5) weeding out terrorist activities through “open” and “closed” methods